CA XII
CA XII is a membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes reversible CO2 hydration, supporting bicarbonate/proton generation and epithelial acid-base homeostasis[1]. Mechanistically, CA XII links pH regulation with bicarbonate transport, and CA12 mutation disrupts sweat-gland salt handling through reduced catalytic activity[2]. In disease models, CA12 was first characterized as a tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase overexpressed in some renal cell cancers, while higher CA XII expression in invasive breast carcinoma correlated with better prognosis[3][4]. Compared with CA IX, CA XII performs similar catalytic chemistry but shows distinct cancer associations; in breast cancer, CA IX relates more strongly to aggressive tumor biology, whereas CA XII expression can mark lower-grade disease[4][5]. For experimental applications, CA XII inhibitors support studies of tumor pH regulation, P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance, glioblastoma temozolomide resistance, and lymphoma cell proliferation[6][7][8].
References:
- [1]. Waheed A, et al. Carbonic anhydrase XII functions in health and disease. Gene. 2017 Aug 5;623:33-40. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Muhammad E, et al. Autosomal recessive hyponatremia due to isolated salt wasting in sweat associated with a mutation in the active site of Carbonic Anhydrase 12. Hum Genet. 2011 Apr;129(4):397-405. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Türeci O, et al. Human carbonic anhydrase XII: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of a carbonic anhydrase gene that is overexpressed in some renal cell cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jun 23;95(13):7608-13. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Watson PH, et al. Carbonic anhydrase XII is a marker of good prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2003 Apr 7;88(7):1065-70. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Mboge MY, et al. Selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX over carbonic anhydrase XII in breast cancer cells using benzene sulfonamides: Disconnect between activity and growth inhibition. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 19;13(11):e0207417. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Tonissen KF, et al. Carbonic anhydrase XII inhibition overcomes P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance: a potential new combination therapy in cancer. Cancer Drug Resist. 2021 Jun 19;4(2):343-355. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Salaroglio IC, et al. Carbonic Anhydrase XII Inhibitors Overcome P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Resistance to Temozolomide in Glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther. 2018 Dec;17(12):2598-2609. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Lounnas N, et al. Pharmacological inhibition of carbonic anhydrase XII interferes with cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis in T-cell lymphomas. Cancer Lett. 2013 Jun 1;333(1):76-88. [Content Brief]
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CA XII Related Products (64)
Related Products (64)
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Recombinant Proteins (1)
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HDAC-IN-91
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-175021HDAC-IN-91 is a multiple inhibitor of HDAC (IC50 = 134.22 nM for HDAC1, 66.29 nM for HDAC2), carbonic anhydrase (CA) (Ki = 72.03 nM for CA IX, 50.76 nM for XII), and tubulin polymerization ( IC50 = 2.56 μM). HDAC-IN-91 inhibits PARP1 and increases the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. HDAC-IN-91 blocks the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induces apoptosis through a mitochondrial apoptosis activation mechanism. HDAC-IN-91 can exert potent cytotoxic activity through tubulin polymerization inhibition. HDAC-IN-91 can be used in breast, colorectal, cervical and lung cancer research.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-144639CAS No.: 3033415-81-2Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 5 is a potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with IC50s of 42.9, 47,6 and 6.7 nM for hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively.
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PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-181587Purity: 98.10%PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1 is an inhibitor of PDGFRA, CA IX and CA XII, with an IC50 of 20 nM against PDGFRA, a Ki of 93.3 nM against CA IX, and a Ki of 80.0 nM against CA XII. PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1 binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PDGFRA and blocks the downstream STAT3, AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1 induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and endogenous apoptosis (Apoptosis), including cleavage of PARP-1, caspase-9 and caspase-3, activation of caspase 3/7, and down-regulation of Mcl-1. PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1 exhibits antiproliferative activity in eosinophilic leukemia cells. PDGFRA/CAIX/XII-IN-1 can be used for the research of leukemia.
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hCAIX/XII-IN-8
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-156181CAS No.: 59994-64-8hCAIX/XII-IN-8 (compound 3g) is a potent human (carbonic anhydrase) CA IX and XII inhibitor, with Ki values of 8.5 and 6.7 nM, respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-8 shows particularly strong inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms, hCA IX and XII, while maintaining a high selectivity ratio over cytosolic off-target isoforms hCA I and II.
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hCAIX/XII-IN-12
0 ImageshCAIX/XII-IN-12 (Compound 6) is a potent and highly selective dual inhibitor of hCA IX and hCA XII, with Ki values of 8.2 and 5.6 nM respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-12 exhibits significant anti-proliferative activity against colon cancer cells, and this activity remains effective under hypoxic conditions. hCAIX/XII-IN-12 can be used for research on colon cancer.
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CA/HDAC-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-179271CA/HDAC-IN-1 (Compound 11) is a CA and HDAC inhibitor with Ki values of 7.4 nM, 31.0 nM, and 7.3 nM for hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively, and IC50 values of 0.21 μM and 3.60 μM for HDAC3 and HDAC8, respectively. CA/HDAC-IN-1 has anti-cancer activity against colon cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma.
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Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-175638Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 is a selective carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 potently inhibits tumor-associated hCA IX (Ki = 0.6 nM) and hCA XII (Ki = 2.2 nM). Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by elevating Bax, reducing Bcl-2, and downregulating CDK4/6. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 exhibits potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.3975 μM normoxic/0.6575 μM hypoxic), MCF-7-ADR (IC50> = 0.3975 μM normoxic/4.488 μM hypoxic), MDA-MB-231, and 4T1 breast cancer cells. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-35 can be used for the study of breast cancer.
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hCAIX-IN-21
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-159128CAS No.: 3047757-55-8hCAIX-IN-21 (compound 16c) is a potent hCAIX inhibitor with KI values of 5.2, 3.5, 12.6, 13600 nM for hCAIX, hCA II, hCA XII, hCA I, respectively. hCAIX-IN-21 inhibits cathepsin B enzyme activity.
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CAII-IN-11
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-180916CAII-IN-11 (Compound A1) is a dual-target compound that contains a hCA II inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 2 nM) portion and a NO donor portion. CAII-IN-11 also has inhibitory activity against hCA IX, hCA XII, and hCA I, with IC50 values of 6, 3, and 152 nM respectively. CAII-IN-11 significantly increases the intracellular cGMP level in human trabecular meshwork cells. CAII-IN-11 reduces the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells by reducing oxidative stress (ROS levels), inhibiting astrocytes and the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. CAII-IN-11 has hypotensive activity in rabbit models and can be used for the study of glaucoma.
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hCAII-IN-3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-146008CAS No.: 2770927-76-7hCAII-IN-3 (Compound 16) is a human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with Ki values of 403.8, 5.1, 10.2 and 5.2 nM against hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. hCA IX-IN-2 shows anticancer activity.
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hCAIX-IN-23
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-168030hCAIX-IN-23 (Compound 27) is a human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with Ki values of 10.4 and 8.5 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. In addition to inhibiting hCA activity, hCAIX-IN-23 releases NO, exhibiting dual antitumor activity. hCAIX-IN-23 induces apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial caspase activity and the ferroptosis pathway (ferroptosis) through the downregulation of hCA IX and iron-regulatory protein expression. hCAIX-IN-23 is useful for renal cancer research.
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hCAIX/XII-IN-15
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-173394CAS No.: 69141-46-4hCAIX/XII-IN-15 (Compound 17β) is an inhibitor of hCA IX and hCA XII, with Kis of 0.42 and 4.37 μM respectively. hCAIX/XII-IN-15 has pro-apoptotic effect in multiple myeloma cells.
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hCAIX/XII-IN-9
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-162063hCAIX/XII-IN-9 (compound 8) is a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with Ki values of 1658 nM, 184.8 nM, 8.9 nM, 64.8 nM for hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively.
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ALP/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1
0 ImagesALP/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1 (Compound 1e) is a dual carbonic anhydrase (CA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) inhibitor. ALP/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1 shows IC50 values of 0.44 µM, 1.61 µM, 0.51 µM, and 0.107 µM for CA-II, CA-IX, CA-XII, and ALP, respectively.
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CAIX/XII-IN-18
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-183591CAIX/XII-IN-18 is a selective human carbonic anhydrase IX/XII (CA IX/XII) inhibitor with Ki values of 28.1 nM (hCA IX) and 11.6 nM (hCA XII). CAIX/XII-IN-18 induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells. CAIX/XII-IN-18 can be used for the research of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer.
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HCAIX-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-146206CAS No.: 2389034-65-3HCAIX-IN-1 is a selective HCAIX inhibitor with a Ki value of 3.3 nM for hCA IX. HCAIX-IN-1 can be used in the study of solid tumors.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 20
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-161374CAS No.: 3034045-43-4Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 20 (compound 11) is an inhibitor of piperazinosulfonamide carbonic anhydrase (Carbonic Anhydrase). The Ki of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 20 for hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII are 47.6 nM, 36.5 nM, 8.3 nM, and 2.7 nM respectively.
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Carbonic anhydrase-IN-34
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-175315Carbonic anhydrase-IN-34 is a carbonic anhydrases (CAs) inhibitor (compound 9d) with IC50s of 1.01 μM against hCA-II, 0.21 μM against hCA-IX and 0.88 μM against hCA-XII. Carbonic anhydrase-IN-34 has potential applications in the research of several disorders, including epilepsy, glaucoma, obesity, and cancer.
